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| Welcome to Motihari/East Champaran |
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| Motihari
is the
headquarters of Poorvi Champaran (East Champaran)
district in the state of Bihar, in India. |
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| Sub Divisions:Motihari
Sadar, Areraj, Raxaul, Sikarahna, Pakridayal. |
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| Blocks:
Kesharia,Kalyanpur,
Motihari, Sugauli, Harsiddhi, Pakridayal,
Maheshi, Adapur, Chiraian, Paharpur, Raxaul,
Turkaulia, Areraj, Ramgarhwa, Ghorasahan,
Madhuban, Chakai, Patahi, Dhakha, Chhauradano,
Sangrampur, Phenhara, Tetaria, Kotwa, Banjaria,
Piprakothi, Vankatwa. |
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| RURAL/URBAN |
POPULATION |
0-6
YEAR POPULATION |
LITERACY
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| P |
M |
F |
P |
M |
F |
P |
M |
F |
| RURAL |
181804 |
97039 |
84765 |
38370 |
19711 |
18659 |
45833 |
33461 |
12372 |
| URBAN(M)_ |
101506 |
54629 |
46877 |
14910 |
781 |
7099 |
69576 |
40265 |
29311 |
| URBAN(NA) |
7744 |
4888 |
2856 |
794 |
419 |
375 |
5813 |
3817 |
1996 |
| TOTAL |
291054 |
156556 |
134498 |
54074 |
27941 |
26133 |
121222 |
77543 |
43679 |
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Cultural
heritage
Bakuntha Nath Temple: Bakuntha Nath Temple is located
at 21 km. north of Motihari. This temple is the religious
centre for the Hindus. The idols of Shiva, Parvati and
Ganesh are merged in a single idol. This idol was not
established by any people but it was believed that the
idol was seen as "coming out from the earth. |
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Tallest Buddha
Stupa in the world
Motihari is reported to have the tallest and the largest
Buddhist Stupa in the world, following its discovery
in 1998 through excavation by the Archaeological Survey
of India (ASI). Rising to a height of 104 feet, and
much reduced than its reported original height, it is
still one foot taller than the famous Borobodur Stupa
in Java. The Stupa is located near the town of Kasaria,
120km from Patna, capital of Bihar. According to the
National Informatics Centre of East Champaran (Motihari)
publication, the Kesaria Stupa was 123 feet tall before
the 1934 earthquake in Bihar. Originally the Kesaria
Stupa was reported to have been 150 feet tall, 12 feet
taller than the Borobodur stupa, which is 138 feet,
according to the A.S.I. report. At present Kesaria Stupa
is 104 feet and Borobodur Stupa is 103 feet. The height
of ‘Sanchi Stupa ‘ a world heritage site
is only 77.50 feet. Legend states that Buddha, on his
last Journey, is reported to have spent a memorable
night at Kesaria, where he reportedly made some historical
revelations, which were later recorded in a Buddhist
Jataka Story, in which it was written that in his previous
births he ruled as a Chakravartin. According to the
story, the Buddha also asked Licchivis to return to
Vaishali after giving them "Begging Bowl, and it
was believed that the Stupa in Kesaria known to the
people as "Raja Ben ka deora" was built by
Licchivis of Vaishali before the Buddha attained Nirvana.
The Chinese pilgrim, Hieun Tshang. reportedly had visited
this Stupa site in the seventh century. (Based on historical
facts contributed by Sri Chandra Bhusahan Pandey of
National Informatics Centre: East Champararan, Motihari.) |
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| Mahatma Gandhi and
Motihari |
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Motihari
was the place
where Mahatma Gandhi started his 'Satyagrah'
(Quest/Search for Truth). According to the All
India Congress Committee [2], the farmers of
Champaran were forced to sow a Opium and/or
Indigo on a certain portion of their farm plots.
They then had to sell the same at a fixed price
to the English Traders/Planters. This would
cause losses and subsequent hardships to farmers.[3]
Furthermore, these crops would render the soil
infertile further increasing the woe's of
Raj Kumar Shukla,
a farmer in the region
invited Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (who had
only recently returned from South Africa) to
come help them in their plight. Thus, Mahatma
Gandhi decided to come to Motihari. On 10th
April 1917,the AICC report states that "a
large crowd of people of Champaran witnessed
the greatest architect of Indian Freedom Struggle
in Motihari." The British fearing unrest
ordered him to leave the district. His refusal
to do the same, let to his arrest. He was offered
bail on the condition that he would leave the
district. Gandhi reportedly refused to leave
the district or put up bail. In his statement
to the Court Gandhi reportedly said, |
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As a law-abiding
citizen my first instinct would be, as it was, to obey
the order served upon me. But I could not do so without
doing violence to my sense of duty to those for whom
I came. I feel that I could just now serve them by remaining
in their midst. I could not therefore voluntarily retire.
Amidst this conflict of duty I could only throw the
responsibility of removing me from on the administration".
Subsequently, sensing mass disapproval of his arrest
he was released. |
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The AICC report further states that
that it was in Champaran that the theory and practice
of Satyagrah came to be associated for the first time
with the fight for freedom. "Mahatmaji went about
from village to village in Champaran preaching love
and inspiring faith and confidence among the people.
Here he felt that his efforts for the uplift of the
masses could not have enduring results unless an urge
was created within them. For this, it was necessary
to educate them. On the 13th of November, 1917 Mahatma
Gandhi opened his first school at Barharwa Lakhansen,
a village at a distance of about 20 miles to the east
of Motihari. Another school was opened by Gandhiji on
the 20th of November in a village called Bhitiharwa.
A third school was opened on the 17th of January, 1918
at Madhuban, which had among its teachers, Mahadeva
Desai." |
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This was
the first such experiment on a large scale undertaken
in India. The Motihari refusal to obey the Magistrate’s
order was a case of individual civil disobedience, though
limited to small district. The struggle went on for
a few months. All pressure was brought by giving agriculturists
notices of forfeiture of lands, but thanks to the presence
of Gandhiji and his constant movement in the district
from place to place, the people were not only non-violent,
but were also very firm and prepared for any amount
of sacrifices for the common cause. The AICC report
further states, "It is worth mentioning that the
Satyagrah of Champaran was responsible for initiation
in the service of the motherland of two volunteers Acharya
Kripalani and Deshratna Dr. Rajendra Prasad. While Bihar’s
indebtedness to Mahatma Gandhi is irretrievable not
only for having succored her million from the tentacles
of white planters but also for having breathed into
her soul the new message."
A museum and a stone pillar has been laid down in the
memory of Mahatma Gandhi's presence in Motihari. It
also contains Gandhiji's courageous statement given
before the Magistrate inscribed on a stone. According
to Sri Chandra Bhusahan Pandey, National Informatics
Center: East Champaran, Motihari, |
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The foundation stone of this Gandhi
memorial pillar was laid on June 10, 1972 by the then
Governor, Mr. D.K.Barooch, and it was dedicated to the
nation by Mr. Vidyakar Kavi, a grandson, on 18 April
1978.... The 48 fect long Chunar stone pillar stands
exactly on the place where Mahatma Gandhi was produced
before the court of the then S.D.M., Motihari in violation
of orders under section 144 Cr. P. C. as far back as
April 18, 1917. Mahatma Gandhi first Satyagrah was experimented
on this soil of Motihari in Champaran and so Champaran
has been starting point of India’s independence
movement launched by Gandhi ji. |
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| East
Chaparan |
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Exam Results 2010 |
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